Attenzione, mi rendo conto che il testo è in inglese ma è un resoconto dettagliato e che ci porta a riflettere sui nostri comportamenti.
In sostanza è la relazione che fà la guardia costiera USA in merito agli incidenti in mare e le loro cause scatenanti...
Sper possa essere utile.
Last year there were 12.7 million registered boats, including canoes, kayaks and dinghies, 4,730 reported accidents, and 736 fatalities.
Here are what we feel are the 10 most important lessons learned--
1. Any accident could be lethal.
15.5% (1 in 6) of reported boating accidents result in a death. Over the last 13 years the number of reported accidents has dropped by 40% and reported injuries have dropped 24%, but the number of deaths have remained about the same. This leads us to believe that boaters are now reporting only the more serious accidents. Nevertheless, life is a delicate thing, and any boating accident has the potential for disaster.
2. Stay out of the water.
73.7% of boating deaths are the direct result of drowning. It seems obvious, but staying inside the vessel is probably the most important thing any boater can do to stay alive. 85% of the 543 drowning victims were in boats 26' or smaller, including canoes, kayaks, dinghies and PWCs.
Only three people died in 2009 as a direct result of the boat they were on sinking. Only five died as the result of fire or an explosion, and only one died of CO exposure.
This statistic is why the USCG is constantly harping on wearing PFDs. Most people who wear them and end up in the water survive. And most of the people in the water who drown, aren't wearing them.
3. PFDs save lives.
Only 1.6% of drowning victims were 12 or under. Because children 12 and under are required to wear PFDs, most do, and as a result they survive when thrown in the water when their parents without PFDs do not. Of the 9 children 12 and under who drowned in 2009, most were not wearing PFDs. The PFD laws for kids are working! They could do the same for adults if they would only wear them.
4. Avoid collisions with boats and objects of any kind.
16.5% of boating deaths were the direct result of a collision with something. We often joke about a collision at sea ruining one's whole day, but it is no laughing matter. And while collisions with other recreational vessels was the leading cause of death in this category (52), it was followed closely by hitting a fixed object (41). 13 deaths were caused by hitting a submerged object and another 13 people died because a commercial vessel was hit.
Together these two causes of death -- drowning and collision -- account for over 90% of all boating fatalities. By staying inside the boat, keeping dry, and avoiding a collision with anything, boaters can avoid nearly all watersports tragedies.
4. Be extra careful on small outboard boats.
53.3% of boating deaths occurred to people in "open motorboats." This statistic is not a surprise. These are the types of boats that are most likely to be overloaded, improperly loaded, and are the easiest to capsize. They are the most vulnerable to bad weather or rough sea conditions, and have the least protection in case of a collision. It means that operators of motorboats under 20' need to be particularly aware of what they are doing and of their surroundings. Unfortunately, this is where we find the most inexperienced boaters because this type of boat is generally where new-comers enter the sport.
5. Capsizing is the single biggest danger.
40.5% of fatalities were due to capsizing, flooding or swamping. Most boats that capsize are under 26'. All of the safety precautions taken by the designers and builders of large powerboats to prevent capsize is paying off as only three boats in 2009 over 40' capsized, and of those only one was over 65.' Small boats can capsize even in flat conditions, so this possibility should be uppermost in a skipper's mind.
6. Don't fool with Mother Nature.
The leading "contributing factor" to boating fatalities was weather and water conditions -- 24%. There is a reason why we have special VHF radio channels for 24/7 weather broadcasts and the USCG issues small craft warnings. Small, open boats are vulnerable because of their low freeboard and ability to easily ship large quantities of water faster than they can discharge it. Weather, overloading, swamping and the inevitable capsize are the Bermuda Triangle of small open boats. Weather and hazardous water conditions were primary contributing factors to 178 boating deaths last year.
Alcohol ranked #2 as a "primary" contributing factor, and the USCG reported that it was the primary factor in 120 deaths.
7. Be alert!
"Operator Inattention" ranks #1 as a primary "contributing factor" to 2009's boat accidents. When driving an automobile virtually everyone is aware that even a moment of inattention can -- and usually does -- end up in an accident. However, many boaters tend to be complacent about their responsibilities as the vehicle operator. After all, the boat is only going 20 mph and there are not many other boats on the water, goes the thinking.
When "operator inattention" is combined with "improper lookout," about 25% of the accidents last year can be accounted for. Combine those two factors with "operator inexperience" and you have the three contributing factors in over 1/3rd of the boating accidents.
8. Being close to land doesn't make things safer.
89.4% of all boating deaths took place in "protected water." As much as we all consider oceans, gulfs and the Great Lakes as the bodies of water that we must be most careful about, the fact is that most fatalities occur in what we consider to be "protected water." 44.8% (330) of all boat deaths in 2009 happened in lakes (not the Great Lakes), ponds, reservoirs, and gravel pits, according to the USCG.
Another 30% (221) of the tragedies took place in "rivers, streams, creeks, swamps and bayous" -- not places where most boaters would feel threatened. Finally, 14.5% (107) of deaths took place in "bays, inlets, marinas, sounds, harbors, channels, canals, sloughs, and coves." While bays and sounds can be quite large, the fact remains that most fatal boating accidents happen close to shore, not on the high seas.
Only 10.6% of 2009 recreational marine fatalities were reported to have happened in the oceans, gulfs or the Great Lakes.
9. Speed doesn't kill, people do.
58% of all fatalities took place in vessels traveling less than 20 mph. Most boaters are rightly apprehensive about high-speed motorboats being driven by less than adequate skippers, but in 2009 only 1.6% (12) of the fatalities were involved with boats going 40 mph or faster.
10. Build your sea time.
86% of fatal accidents involve operators with under 500 hours of experience. On the subject of boater experience, the USCG had information on only 400 of the 736 fatal accidents. However, assuming that the experience of the operators in the other cases had the same distribution as the 400, it means that lack of boating experience is probably the biggest problem of all when it comes to accidents. Indeed, only 7.7% of the operators involved in the fatal accidents had 500 hours or more of boating experience.
75.6% of the operators of boats involved in fatal accidents had not taken a boating course of any kind!
There is simply no substitute for getting sea-time. Even if you are not the skipper, you can learn valuable lessons being a passenger. Pay attention to what the helmsman is doing and learn from it, both from what is being done correctly and incorrectly.
, magari se qualcuno di buona volonta' volesse tradurlo per tutti non sarebbe male ( almeno il decalogo... per le spiegazioni e le statistiche si puo' lasciar stare). 
